Reference · 189 formats
File signatures (magic bytes)
The leading bytes that identify each binary format, measured from our own sample files. ?? marks bytes that vary between files (such as sizes). Checking these — not the extension — is how to validate uploads.
| Format | Signature (hex, from offset 0) | ASCII | Category |
|---|---|---|---|
| 3G2 .3g2 | 00 00 00 20 66 74 | ... ft | Video |
| 3GP .3gp | ?? ?? ?? ?? 66 74 79 70 | ····ftyp | Video |
| 3MF .3mf | 50 4B 03 04 | PK.. | 3D Models |
| 7Z .7z | 37 7A BC AF 27 1C 00 04 | 7z..'... | Archive |
| AAC .aac | FF F1 50 80 23 BF FC 21 | ..P.#..! | Audio |
| AC-3 .ac3 | 0B 77 ?? ?? ?? 40 | .w···@ | Audio |
| AIFF .aiff | 46 4F 52 4D 00 | FORM. | Audio |
| AMR .amr | 23 21 41 4D 52 0A | #!AMR. | Audio |
| AR .ar | 21 3C 61 72 63 68 | !<arch | Archive |
| Arrow IPC .arrow | 41 52 52 4F 57 31 00 00 | ARROW1.. | Data |
| ASF .asf | 30 26 B2 75 8E 66 | 0&.u.f | Video |
| AU .au | 2E 73 6E 64 00 00 | .snd.. | Audio |
| AVI .avi | 52 49 46 46 ?? ?? ?? ?? 41 56 49 20 | RIFF····AVI | Video |
| AVIF .avif | ?? ?? ?? ?? 66 74 79 70 | ····ftyp | Image |
| Avro .avro | 4F 62 6A 01 04 14 61 76 | Obj...av | Data |
| BMP .bmp | 42 4D ?? ?? ?? ?? 00 00 | BM····.. | Image |
| Brotli .br | 9B 9F 25 18 B3 10 | ..%... | Archive |
| BSON .bson | 1C 01 00 00 10 5F | ....._ | Data |
| BZ2 .bz2 | 42 5A 68 39 31 41 | BZh91A | Archive |
| CAF .caf | 63 61 66 66 00 01 | caff.. | Audio |
| CB7 .cb7 | 37 7A BC AF 27 1C | 7z..'. | Document |
| CBOR .cbor | 99 03 E8 AC 62 69 | ....bi | Data |
| CBZ .cbz | 50 4B 03 04 | PK.. | Document |
| Cineon .cin | 80 2A 5F D7 00 00 | .*_... | Image |
| Java class .class | CA FE BA BE 00 00 | ...... | Code |
| CPIO .cpio | 30 37 30 37 30 31 | 070701 | Archive |
| CUR .cur | 00 00 01 00 01 00 | ...... | Image |
| DBF .dbf | 03 7E 01 0F 64 00 | .~..d. | Data |
| DDS .dds | 44 44 53 20 7C 00 00 00 | DDS |... | Image |
| DEB .deb | 21 3C 61 72 63 68 | !<arch | Archive |
| DER certificate .der | 30 82 02 0A 30 82 | 0...0. | Certificates & Keys |
| DNG (camera raw) .dng | 49 49 2A 00 08 00 | II*... | Image |
| DOCM .docm | 50 4B 03 04 | PK.. | Document |
| DOCX .docx | 50 4B 03 04 | PK.. | Document |
| DOTX .dotx | 50 4B 03 04 | PK.. | Document |
| DPX .dpx | 53 44 50 58 00 00 | SDPX.. | Image |
| DSF (DSD) .dsf | 44 53 44 20 1C 00 | DSD .. | Audio |
| Stata (DTA) .dta | 3C 73 74 61 74 61 | <stata | Data |
| DTS .dts | 7F FE 80 01 FC 3C | .....< | Audio |
| DV .dv | 1F 07 00 3F F9 79 | ...?.y | Video |
| E-AC-3 .eac3 | 0B 77 ?? ?? ?? 87 | .w···. | Audio |
| EOT .eot | FC 1F 00 00 1C 1F | ...... | Font |
| EPS .eps | 25 21 50 53 2D 41 | %!PS-A | Image |
| EPUB .epub | 50 4B 03 04 | PK.. | Document |
| OpenEXR .exr | 76 2F 31 01 02 00 | v/1... | Image |
| F4V .f4v | 00 00 00 20 66 74 | ... ft | Video |
| Feather .feather | 41 52 52 4F 57 31 00 00 | ARROW1.. | Data |
| FlatGeobuf .fgb | 66 67 62 03 66 67 | fgb.fg | Data |
| FITS .fits | 53 49 4D 50 4C 45 | SIMPLE | Image |
| FLAC .flac | 66 4C 61 43 00 00 00 22 | fLaC..." | Audio |
| FLV .flv | 46 4C 56 01 05 00 00 00 | FLV..... | Video |
| GEM .gem | 6D 65 74 61 64 61 | metada | Archive |
| GeoTIFF .tif | 49 49 2A 00 | II*. | Data |
| GGUF .gguf | 47 47 55 46 03 00 | GGUF.. | Data |
| GIF .gif | 47 49 46 38 39 61 | GIF89a | Image |
| GLB .glb | 67 6C 54 46 02 00 00 00 | glTF.... | 3D Models |
| GeoPackage .gpkg | 53 51 4C 69 74 65 | SQLite | Data |
| GZ .gz | 1F 8B 08 | ... | Archive |
| Raw H.264 .h264 | 00 00 00 01 67 64 | ....gd | Video |
| Raw H.265 .h265 | 00 00 00 01 40 01 | ....@. | Video |
| HDF5 .h5 | 89 48 44 46 0D 0A | .HDF.. | Data |
| Radiance HDR .hdr | 23 3F 52 41 44 49 | #?RADI | Image |
| HEIC .heic | ?? ?? ?? ?? 66 74 79 70 | ····ftyp | Image |
| HEIF .heif | 00 00 00 1C 66 74 | ....ft | Image |
| ICNS .icns | 69 63 6E 73 00 15 | icns.. | Image |
| ICO .ico | 00 00 01 00 06 00 | ...... | Image |
| IMG (disk image) .img | EB 3C 90 42 53 44 | .<.BSD | Archive |
| IVF .ivf | 44 4B 49 46 00 00 | DKIF.. | Video |
| JAR .jar | 50 4B 03 04 | PK.. | Archive |
| JFIF .jfif | FF D8 FF | ... | Image |
| JPEG 2000 .jp2 | 00 00 00 0C 6A 50 20 20 | ....jP | Image |
| JPG .jpg | FF D8 FF | ... | Image |
| JPEG XL .jxl | FF 0A | .. | Image |
| KMZ .kmz | 50 4B 03 04 | PK.. | Data |
| LAS (LiDAR) .las | 4C 41 53 46 00 00 | LASF.. | 3D Models |
| LZ4 .lz4 | 04 22 4D 18 48 40 | ."M.H@ | Archive |
| LZMA .lzma | 5D 00 00 80 00 FF | ]..... | Archive |
| M2TS .m2ts | 0E BF 46 22 47 40 | ..F"G@ | Video |
| M4A .m4a | ?? ?? ?? ?? 66 74 79 70 | ····ftyp | Audio |
| M4B .m4b | 00 00 00 1C 66 74 | ....ft | Audio |
| M4R .m4r | 00 00 00 1C 66 74 | ....ft | Audio |
| M4V .m4v | ?? ?? ?? ?? 66 74 79 70 | ····ftyp | Video |
| MAT (MATLAB) .mat | 4D 41 54 4C 41 42 | MATLAB | Data |
| MBTiles .mbtiles | 53 51 4C 69 74 65 | SQLite | Data |
| MIDI .mid | 4D 54 68 64 00 00 | MThd.. | Audio |
| MKA .mka | 1A 45 DF A3 A3 42 | .E...B | Audio |
| MKV .mkv | 1A 45 DF A3 A3 42 86 81 | .E...B.. | Video |
| MNG .mng | 8A 4D 4E 47 0D 0A | .MNG.. | Image |
| MO (compiled gettext) .mo | DE 12 04 95 00 00 00 00 | ........ | Localization |
| MOBI .mobi | 53 61 6D 70 6C 65 | Sample | Document |
| MOV .mov | ?? ?? ?? ?? 66 74 79 70 | ····ftyp | Video |
| MP2 .mp2 | FF FD A0 04 66 44 | ....fD | Audio |
| MP3 .mp3 | 49 44 33 | ID3 | Audio |
| MP4 .mp4 | ?? ?? ?? ?? 66 74 79 70 | ····ftyp | Video |
| MPEG .mpeg | 00 00 01 BA 21 00 01 00 | ....!... | Video |
| MessagePack .msgpack | DC 03 E8 8C A2 69 | .....i | Data |
| MTS (AVCHD) .mts | 0E BF 46 22 47 40 | ..F"G@ | Video |
| MXF .mxf | 06 0E 2B 34 02 05 | ..+4.. | Video |
| NPY .npy | 93 4E 55 4D 50 59 | .NUMPY | Data |
| NPZ .npz | 50 4B 03 04 | PK.. | Data |
| AV1 OBU .obu | 12 00 0A 0B 00 00 | ...... | Video |
| ODG .odg | 50 4B 03 04 | PK.. | Document |
| ODP .odp | 50 4B 03 04 | PK.. | Presentation |
| ODS .ods | 50 4B 03 04 | PK.. | Spreadsheet |
| ODT .odt | 50 4B 03 04 | PK.. | Document |
| OGA .oga | 4F 67 67 53 00 02 | OggS.. | Audio |
| OGG .ogg | 4F 67 67 53 00 02 00 00 | OggS.... | Audio |
| OGV .ogv | 4F 67 67 53 00 02 00 00 | OggS.... | Video |
| ONNX .onnx | 08 08 12 0F 73 61 | ....sa | Data |
| Opus .opus | 4F 67 67 53 00 02 00 00 | OggS.... | Audio |
| ORC .orc | 4F 52 43 ?? 00 00 | ORC·.. | Data |
| OTF .otf | 4F 54 54 4F 00 09 | OTTO.. | Font |
| OTP .otp | 50 4B 03 04 | PK.. | Presentation |
| OTS .ots | 50 4B 03 04 | PK.. | Spreadsheet |
| OTT .ott | 50 4B 03 04 | PK.. | Document |
| PKCS #12 .p12 | 30 82 09 49 02 01 | 0..I.. | Certificates & Keys |
| PAM .pam | 50 37 0A 57 49 44 | P7.WID | Image |
| Parquet .parquet | 50 41 52 31 | PAR1 | Data |
| PBM .pbm | 50 34 0A 36 34 30 | P4.640 | Image |
| PCAP .pcap | D4 C3 B2 A1 02 00 | ...... | Data |
| PCAPNG .pcapng | 0A 0D 0D 0A 1C 00 | ...... | Data |
| PCX .pcx | 0A 05 01 08 00 00 | ...... | Image |
| PDF .pdf | 25 50 44 46 2D ?? 2E | %PDF-·. | Document |
| PGM .pgm | 50 35 0A 36 34 30 | P5.640 | Image |
| Property list .plist | 62 70 6C 69 73 74 | bplist | Data |
| PLY .ply | 70 6C 79 0A 66 6F | ply.fo | 3D Models |
| PNG .png | 89 50 4E 47 0D 0A 1A 0A | .PNG.... | Image |
| POTX .potx | 50 4B 03 04 | PK.. | Presentation |
| PPM .ppm | 50 36 0A 36 34 30 | P6.640 | Image |
| PPSX .ppsx | 50 4B 03 04 | PK.. | Presentation |
| PPTM .pptm | 50 4B 03 04 | PK.. | Presentation |
| PPTX .pptx | 50 4B 03 04 | PK.. | Presentation |
| PostScript .ps | 25 21 50 53 2D 41 | %!PS-A | Image |
| PSD .psd | 38 42 50 53 00 01 00 00 | 8BPS.... | Image |
| PYC .pyc | 61 0D 0D 0A 01 00 | a..... | Code |
| QOI .qoi | 71 6F 69 66 00 00 | qoif.. | Image |
| RealAudio .ra | 2E 52 4D 46 00 00 | .RMF.. | Audio |
| Sun Raster .ras | 59 A6 6A 95 00 00 | Y.j... | Image |
| RealMedia .rm | 2E 52 4D 46 00 00 | .RMF.. | Video |
| safetensors .safetensors | D8 01 00 00 00 00 | ...... | Data |
| SPSS (SAV) .sav | 24 46 4C 32 40 28 | $FL2@( | Data |
| SGI .sgi | 01 DA 01 01 00 03 | ...... | Image |
| Shapefile .zip | 50 4B 03 04 | PK.. | Data |
| Speex .spx | 4F 67 67 53 00 02 | OggS.. | Audio |
| SQLite .sqlite | 53 51 4C 69 74 65 20 66 | SQLite f | Data |
| STL .stl | 42 69 6E 61 72 79 20 53 | Binary S | 3D Models |
| SVGZ .svgz | 1F 8B 08 | ... | Image |
| SWF .swf | 46 57 53 06 60 2C | FWS.`, | Video |
| TBZ2 .tbz2 | 42 5A 68 39 31 41 | BZh91A | Archive |
| TFRecord .tfrecord | 59 00 00 00 00 00 | Y..... | Data |
| TGA .tga | 00 00 02 00 00 00 00 00 | ........ | Image |
| TGZ .tgz | 1F 8B 08 | ... | Archive |
| Dolby TrueHD .thd | 40 73 FF D8 F8 72 | @s...r | Audio |
| TIFF .tiff | 49 49 2A 00 | II*. | Image |
| Torrent .torrent | 64 38 3A 61 6E 6E | d8:ann | Data |
| MPEG-TS .ts | 47 40 11 10 00 42 F0 25 | G@...B.% | Video |
| TTA .tta | 54 54 41 31 01 00 | TTA1.. | Audio |
| TTC .ttc | 74 74 63 66 00 01 | ttcf.. | Font |
| TTF .ttf | 00 01 00 00 00 0A | ...... | Font |
| TXZ .txz | FD 37 7A 58 5A 00 | .7zXZ. | Archive |
| VOB .vob | 00 00 01 BA 44 00 | ....D. | Video |
| VOC .voc | 43 72 65 61 74 69 | Creati | Audio |
| VSIX .vsix | 50 4B 03 04 | PK.. | Archive |
| W64 .w64 | 72 69 66 66 2E 91 | riff.. | Audio |
| WAR .war | 50 4B 03 04 | PK.. | Archive |
| WASM .wasm | 00 61 73 6D 01 00 | .asm.. | Code |
| WAV .wav | 52 49 46 46 ?? ?? ?? ?? 57 41 56 45 | RIFF····WAVE | Audio |
| WBMP .wbmp | 00 00 85 00 83 60 | .....` | Image |
| WEBA .weba | 1A 45 DF A3 9F 42 | .E...B | Audio |
| WebM .webm | 1A 45 DF A3 9F 42 86 81 | .E...B.. | Video |
| WebP .webp | 52 49 46 46 ?? ?? ?? ?? 57 45 42 50 | RIFF····WEBP | Image |
| WHL (Python wheel) .whl | 50 4B 03 04 | PK.. | Archive |
| WMA .wma | 30 26 B2 75 8E 66 CF 11 | 0&.u.f.. | Audio |
| WMV .wmv | 30 26 B2 75 8E 66 CF 11 | 0&.u.f.. | Video |
| WOFF .woff | 77 4F 46 46 00 01 | wOFF.. | Font |
| WOFF2 .woff2 | 77 4F 46 32 00 01 | wOF2.. | Font |
| WavPack .wv | 77 76 70 6B 78 72 | wvpkxr | Audio |
| XBM .xbm | 23 64 65 66 69 6E | #defin | Image |
| XLS .xls | D0 CF 11 E0 A1 B1 1A E1 | ........ | Spreadsheet |
| XLSM .xlsm | 50 4B 03 04 | PK.. | Spreadsheet |
| XLSX .xlsx | 50 4B 03 04 | PK.. | Spreadsheet |
| XLTX .xltx | 50 4B 03 04 | PK.. | Spreadsheet |
| XPI .xpi | 50 4B 03 04 | PK.. | Archive |
| XPM .xpm | 2F 2A 20 58 50 4D | /* XPM | Image |
| SAS XPORT .xpt | 48 45 41 44 45 52 | HEADER | Data |
| XZ .xz | FD 37 7A 58 5A 00 | .7zXZ. | Archive |
| Y4M .y4m | 59 55 56 34 4D 50 | YUV4MP | Video |
| Z (compress) .z | 1F 9D 90 73 C2 B4 | ...s.. | Archive |
| Zstandard .zst | 28 B5 2F FD A0 | (./.. | Archive |